TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN NILAI TAMBAH

Onno W. Purbo
Computer Network Research Group
Inter University Center on Microelectronics
Institute of Technology Bandung
Bandung 40132
FAX 022 214-417
E-mail yc1dav@itbgtw.itb.ac.id

ITB
Maret 1995

OUTLINE

  •	Jaringan Komputer di Indonesia & ITB.
	(Februari 1995)

  •	Konsep penggunaan jaringan komputer.
	  	Konsep universitas terbuka berbasis teknologi informasi.
	  	Globalisasi dalam system ekonomi.
	  	Globalisasi dalam ilmu pengetahuan dan pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM).

  •	Bentuk aplikasi yang ada dalam jaringan komputer.

  •	Alternatif perangkat keras.

Computer Network in Indonesia
(February 1995)

Indonesia Network Status (February 1995):

  •	A total of 83 major nodes are in operation with 67 (81%) of which are located in Bandung; the rest (19%) are spread all over Indonesia including Jakarta.

  •	Interestingly, most of the nodes (80%) are using the low cost packet radio technology to form a WAN, the rest (20%) mostly in Jakarta are using dial‑up UUCP / TCP/IP to reach the InterNet gateway at IPTEK‑NET Jakarta.

  •	In addition to the active nodes, there are currently at least 71 nodes are preparing their equipments and human resources to join the network.

  •	The estimated total user is 6049 users with 37.0% are at universities, 7.5% in research institutions, 1.7% NGO, 34.7% in government institutes, and 19.1% commercial / industries.

  •	Approximately 68.3% of total users accessible in Jakarta; 30.1% users reside in Bandung city (24.4% are users of ITB).

  •	Major applications are 4 major electronic mailing lists, 14 major newsgroups & Gopher / WWW servers.

  •	Estimated growth rate is 700% per year.

Indonesia's major computer network international links:

  •	IPTEK‑NET (Indonesia's Research & Education Network)
	  	TCP/IP 300bps to Aachen Germany
	  	TCP/IP 64Kbps to SprintNet (USA)

  •	University of Indonesia
	  	UUCP 14.4Kbps to UUNET (USA), DIALIX (OZ)

  •	Institute of Technology Bandung
	  	TCP/IP 38.4Kbps to CRL in Kashima, Japan via ETS-V (experimental)
	  	Store‑and‑Forward AX.25 VITASAT to InterNet

Major National Networking Initiatives:

	IPTEK‑NET	The national research and technology network
				(supported by the National Research Council).

	JASIPAKTA	The national aerospace agency networking initiatives.
				(supported by the German Aerospace Agency).

	INFO‑RIS	Research Network
				(supported by the National Telecommunication Company).

	SDNP		Sustainable Development Networking Programme
				(funded by United Nation Development Program ‑ UNDP).

Services provided

  •	Standard applications:
	  	e-mail (with capability to reach InterNet sites).
	  	FTP (File Transfer Protocol).
	  	Telnet

  •	Some advanced applications:
	  	Network File System (NFS)
	  	X-Windowing.

  •	At least, there are five (5) HTTP servers are running in the Indonesia network.

  •	A couple gopher servers are running in the network. However, they are gradually replaced by HTTP servers.

  •	A couple of dozen FTP sites are in operation, containing:
	  	Various research results.
	  	Various public domain software.
	  	Various general information & standards.

Received: from MAILQUEUE by SYSTEM (Mercury 1.12); Mon, 27 Feb 95 10:31:58 +0700
Return‑path: <survo.unescap@un.org>
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    id sma018449; Sun Feb 26 21:16:38 1995
Date: Mon, 27 Feb 95 09:19:09 EST
Message‑Id: <9501267938.AA793862312@mail‑in.un.org>
To: yc1dav@system.paume.itb.ac.id
Subject: Let's meet in Bangkok

    Dear Onno,

    Thanks a lot for your response to my inquiry on Indonesian IT
    development in the public sector.  Thanks also for the status report,
    which I read with great interest.

    I would indeed like to meet with you while you are in Bangkok on 14‑16
    March.  Can you come and visit our office on any of those days?  ESCAP
    is located in the United Nations Building at Rajadamnern Nok Avenue,
    Bangkok 10200.  We are on 8th floor (Statistics Division) of the main
    building.  Our office hours are from 7 (yes, seven) to 15.15, but
    anything before 4 pm. will be OK for me at least.   My direct number is
    2881649.  There is security downstairs, so you need some kind of ID
    with you.   I'll be particularly busy during that time as the team of
    developers for the ESCAP statistical info system will be in. (I'm
    coordinating that development).  But I'll definitely make myself
    available to discuss with you.  I'll also check with my colleagues if
    some of them will be available.

    Neither your hotel nor your local contact are too far from here so you
    don't need to experience too much of the horrendous commuting.

    Looking forward to meeting you.   Ilpo.

Contoh tampilan sebuah surat elektronik

WELCOME TO
ITB CNRG COMPUTER NETWORK

A Glimpse on ITB
The main ITB campus is located on a 28 acre land at Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132. A 4.2 acre sport activity center at Lebak Siliwangi next to the main ITB campus is available for ITB. ITB is supported by a total of 1,073 educational staffs with 7% Full Proffesors, 58% Associate and 35% Assistant. About 30% holding Ph.D degree, 20% Master degree and 50% holding bachelor degree.

ITB Networking Capacity
ITB‑Net is a the largest self‑supporting network ever implemented within one institution / university in Indonesia. Most of the funding is obtained from individual and departmental funding within ITB. The total user of ITB‑Net is reaching 1,700 users. Mostly connected via slow 1200bps radio network. However, a significant effort to integrate the campus network via 10Mbps thick ethernet network is currently performed by the Electrical Engineering Department at ITB.

ITB‑Net services include:
  •	E‑mail servers (very typical).
  •	WWW Servers
  •	Gopher Servers
  •	FTP Servers
Main networking activities in Campus are supported by The Computer Network Research Group at Inter University Center on Microelectronics and the Department of Electrical Engineering.

Research Activities
Research funding at ITB is in the order of 9.7 Billion rupiah for 180 research topics. Source of funding 14% from government, 30% private companies and 56% government owned companies. Research topics composition 23% in telecommunication, 18% in oil, 18% in natural resources, 8% in geology and mining, 8% in transportation, 8% in aeronautics and space, 5% in recycling.

Home Page ITB di www.ee.itb.ac.id

Computer Network at Institute of Technology Bandung
(February 1995)

Personnel behind ITB-Network

  •	Computer Network Research Group (CNRG) ITB.

  •	Student body at ITB is the key factor.
	  	Electrical Engineering Student Society - ITB.
	  	Amateur Radio Club - ITB.

Hardware

  •	Packet radio technology for our long distance data communication links.

  •	Installation / negotiation:

	  	Two (2) 64Kbps dedicated leased lines to InterNet.
	  	One 38.4Kbps satellite link via ETS‑V to Japan.
	  	One 19.2-250Kbps VSAT Palapa Satellite ground station.
	  	One 9600bps Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite ground station.

  •	Campus Network based on 10Mbps ethernet backbone.

  •	PC based routers.

Information stored

  •	Several FTP sites.
	  	Various research results.
	  	Various public domain software.
	  	Information / international standards on computer networking.

  •	The WWW & Mosaic server.
	  	Various information on research results at ITB.
	  	The profile of various research units within ITB.
	  	The profile of researchers at ITB.

  •	Electronics discussion groups.

	  	General discussion group for the Indonesian network operator at sysop@itbgtw.itb.ac.id.
	  	Relay for the discussion group of ITB alumni centralized at itb@shinano.cs.uec.ac.jp.
	  	Relay for the discussion group to support the ASEAN Australia Economic Cooperation Program (AAECP) in Microelectronics and Information Technology Sub‑committee.
	  	Various local electronics discussion groups within ITB.

  •	Newsgroup / Internet mailing list.

Konsep Universitas Terbuka Berbasis Teknologi Informasi

Konsep Pengembangan Wilayah Berbasis Sistem Informasi

  •	Informasi & pola penggunaan sumber daya lokal.

	  	Estimasi tingkat bunga yang aman.
	  	Pola perilaku masyarakat dalam menggunakan sumber daya lokal maupunm dalam melakukan operasi ekonomi.
	  	Alokasi dana pada tingkat keluarga dan wilayah.
	  	Study pola investasi yang terbaik yang mungkin dilakukan pada suatu wilayah yang disesuaikan dengan kemampuan masyarakat maupun sumber daya yang ada pada wilayah tersebut.

  •	Arus informasi dari sistem yang lebih besar:

	  	Informasi pasaran komoditi.
	  	Peraturan-peraturan yang ada.
	  	Berbagai teknologi tepat-guna yang akan sangat berguna bagi proses pembangunan fisik di pedesaan.
	  	Dakwah
	  	Informasi mengenai masalah organisasi dan manajemen.

Konsep Sistem Informasi Berbasis Jaringan Komputer

Strata Informasi Dalam Proses Pengambilan Keputusan & Operasional

ARSITEKTUR JARINGAN KOMPUTER

Aplikasi layer (contoh):
  •	email (Simple Mail Transport Protocol - SMTP)
  •	FTP (File Transfer Protocol - FTP)
  •	HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol - HTTP)

Transport layer:
  •	Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
  •	User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

Network:
  •	InterNet Protocol (IP)
  •	InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

Link Layer Protocol:
  •	AX.25 & X.25
  •	Keluarga IEEE 802

Physical Layer:
  •	Modem, Radio, Satelit
  •	Telepon & Leased Line.

Integrasi LAN Novell & UNIX ke dalam WAN (packet radio)

TEKNOLOGI PACKET RADIO

  •	modem sederhana 1200bps.

  •	menggunakan Terminal Node Controller yang ada dipasaran.
	  	Kecepatan 1200bps AFSK, PSK.
	  	Kecepatan 9600bps FFSK, GMSK.
	  	Kecepatan 19.2Kbps GMSK.

  •	Sistem berkecepatan tinggi:
	  	Card HDLC di PC.
	  	Modem 56Kbps-250Kbps.
	  	Transverter ke VHF & UHF.
	  	SmartCom (VSAT).

Sistem Packet Radio Sederhana

Gambar 10. Rangkaian modem sederhana 1200bps menggunakan one-chip modem TCM3105.

Rangkaian Modem Sederhana untuk Packet Radio

Set up node packet radio menggunakan TNC di pasaran

Set up node packet radio berkecepatan tinggi

SUMMARY / EVALUATION

  •	Yes, there is a network in Indonesia.

  •	A total more than 6000 users dominated by the universities.

  •	A bottom-up development approach has been successfully used to build the computer network.

  •	Most of the technology is available in Indonesia. Some even available in public domain.

  •	The most important:

		It is not difficult to set & build a computer network.

	However,

		You need the right people to do it.

Join Us!

STRIVE TO THE BEST

By Effectively Using the Information Technology